DBMS

Syllabus
Text Book	Reference Book

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Introduction: [Basic concepts, Advantages of DBMS over file-processing systems, Data abstraction, Data models and data independence, Components of DBMS and overall structure of DBMS]

 Introduction (PPT) 

Question Bank

Data modeling, entities, attributes, relationships, constraints, Keys, E-R diagrams, and components of the E-R model

Entity-Relationship Model (study Material and PPT)

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Relational Model: Basic concepts, Attributes and domains, Concept of integrity and referential constraints, Schema diagram, Relational query languages, Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus: Tuple relational and domain relational calculus

• Unit 2: Relational Model Overview

  Unit 2: Integrity Constraints 

  Unit 2: Keys 

  Unit 2: Relational algebra

  Unit 2: Relational Calculus : Tuple Relational calculus, Domain relational calculus 

• Unit 2: Query Languages

• candidate Key Question Bank

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• Introduction to SQL, characteristics, advantages, data types, and literals
• DDL, creating, modifying, and deleting tables, Views: Creating, Dropping, Updation using views, DML, Operators, SQL DML queries, SELECT query and clauses. Structured Query Language- II: Set operations, Predicates and joins, Set membership, Tuple variables, Set comparison, Ordering of tuples, Aggregate functions, Nested queries, Database modification using SQL Insert, Update and Delete queries, Dynamic and SQL and concept of stored procedures, Queryby-example

1. Introduction to SQL	ppt
2. Intermediate SQL	ppt
3. Advanced SQL	ppt

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UNIT IV: Relational Database Design and Storage Systems

• Notion of normalized relations
• Functional dependency, decomposition, and properties
• • Functional Dependency 
    Classification of functional Dependencies  
    More questions on functional dependency 
    More questions on functional dependency
  • Questions [Explain trivial dependency? 2 marks
  • What is meant by the closure of functional dependencies? Illustrate with an

    example.
  • What is Functional Dependency? Explain types and properties of FD’s.
  • ]
• Normalization using functional dependency, multi-valued dependency, and join dependency
• Normalizations ( 1 nf,2nf,3nf,bcnf,4nf,5nf) and examples
• Questions:
• What is normalization? Explain its need.
• Explain insertion, deletion and modification anomalies with suitable examples.
• State BCNF. How does it differ from 3NF?
• State 1NF, 2NF & 3NF and explain with examples.

extra questions[What is normalization? What is need for normalization. Define data Anomalies.

Define 1nf.Define 2nf.Define 3 nf. Define BCNF. Define 5nf. List the decomposition properties. Define lossless joins (or) What is non additive property. Explain BCNF with example(or) How to convert a relation into BCNF. Why must multivalued dependencies exist in pairs?nComparison of BCNF and 3NF.Why 4NF in Normal Form is more desirable than BCNF?]

• Storage systems: secondary storage, RAID,
• 1. physical storage in database
  2.magnetic-hard-disk-mechanism
  3. Hard disk drive interface
  4. RAID
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• file organization :
Click here
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• Indices, static and dynamic hashing
• click here
• Distinguish between: i) Primary and Secondary indexing. ii) Ordered indexing and hashing.
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• B-Trees and B+ Trees

Examples and Questions

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UNIT V: Query Processing and Transaction Management

• Measures of query cost
• Selection operation, sorting, and join operation

click Here

Question [Outline the steps involved in query processing.]

• Transaction concept, components of transaction management

click here

• Concurrency and recovery system
• Concurrency control protocols (timestamps, locking), validation
• click here
• Multiple granularity, deadlock handling
• click here
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• Crash recovery methods (log-based recovery, shadow-paging)
• Buffer management and
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• remote backup system
• Click here
• [Question : Write in detail about Remote Backup systems?]

MCQs (Unit 1 to 3)

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